Not quite the case, Rockbox doesn't have the ability to affect the actual charging of the battery, but USB allows two modes. I'm not sure their exact modes, but one can be thought of as "High Power Mode." You can only get it as a device if you request it, computers don't automatically give it. Rockbox doesn't yet request it, because it doesn't have USB support, so the charging is limited to the 100 currently delivered over USB rather than the 500 it could have.
This should still allow your battery to charge, but a good deal slower than normally.